England: history of the pipe and tabor
Cotswold morris dance
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1600 a play called ‘The Shoemaker's Holiday or the Gentle Craft’, Eyre announces that: Thomas Dekker (F2v , III.iii.49-50). |
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1601 song from 'Jack Drum's Entertainment', talking about the Whitson morris dance: "Skip it, and frisk it nimbly, nimbly! 'Highgate: Part 2 of 2', Old and New London: Volume 5 |
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1617 Morris dance is discussed in a play: “Morrice-bels? And waste-coates, and napkins?... . So, now we want nothing but the Taborer wee talk't of: but 'tis no matter, since he does not come, wee'll sing, and so make musike to our selves. ? [Enter an hobby horse dancing the Morrice, and a Tabourer] Oh, here they are both...[They dance three times, the hobby-horse over throwes them all againe, kisses Musica, and runnes away with the Tabourer]” 'Technogamia or The marriages of the arts: a comedie,' Holyday (1617) 46 editions published between 1618 and 1630 |
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Hone's Everyday Book, May 1st 1661 |
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17th century, in Hereford: page 144 “Old Hall of Hereford. ... the waits of three metropolitan cities make not more music than he can, with his pipe and tabor” page. 139 “The wood of this old Hall's tabor should have been made a pail to carry water in, ....; but Hall, being wise, because he was, even then, reasonably well stricken in years, saved it from going to the water, and converted it, in those days, to a tabor. So that his tabor hath made bachelors and lasses dance round about the May-pole threescore summers, one after another, in order, and is yet not worm-eaten.” page 140 In 1609 a tract called " Old Meg of Herefordshire, for a Mayd Marian, and Hereford Toivnc for a Morris Daunce ; or Twclve Morris Dauncers in Hereford- shire of Twclve Hundred Years Old." is dedicated :
page 145 Temple says : |
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1696
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Quoted in Morning Herald (London) - |
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18th century pipe from Chipping Campden ![]() |
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| 1720’s - 'Dixton Harvesters', a painting
in Cheltenham Art Gallery showing how the harvest was gathered. The pipe and tabor player accompanied all the different activities. ( The painting has poor lighting and is high up on the wall so difficult to photograph [frances] ) |
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part of the painting |
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| 1733, May 19th in the vicinity of Hempsted, Gloucestershire
" two Children were burnt in a terrible Manner at Hemftead near this City, one of which is fince dead, and the other lies dangeroufly ill: It is obfervable, that the affectionate Father was then attending a Company of Morrice Dancers with his Tabot and Pipe, and when the News of this melancholy Accident was brought to him, he refufed to return home, faying, He would not lofe his Whitfuntide." Thomas Hill 1706-1739 |
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Writers recorded seeing morris men and women dancing to the pipe and tabor in towns too: "In Fleet strete then I heard a shoote : in John Brand (1744-1806) |
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Rustic Sounds, and Other Studies in Literature and Natural History By Sir Francis Darwin |
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1770's Gwilym Davies has researched the history of the pipe and tabor in Gloucestershire up to the present. He found that the |
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1777 a play incorporated morris dances in the intervals between acts: ![]() |
Leeds Intelligencer - Tuesday 22 May 1781
also in 1782 in Derby at the New Theatre “Morris Dancing to be accompanied by a Tabor and Pipe” as part of the evening's Derby Mercury - Thursday 28 February 1782 |
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By the early 1800's writers were starting to mourn the gradual decline of folk traditions like the playing of the pipe and tabor in the streets. And by the middle of the nineteenth century fashions were changing and the pipe and tabor dropped out of use for morris dancing. |
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1807 Died: "On Sunday se'nnight, Mr. James Nicholson, of York; |
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1811, 19 January Died "At Easton, near Winchester, aged 94 years, 1811, 14 January The Hampshire Telegraph and Sussex Chronicle |
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John Timbs (1801 –1875) wrote of when he was a school-boy: |
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1826, Goswell Road, London; a correspondent, writing to the "Every Day Book," describes what was evidently the same company as being in Rosoman Street, Clerkenwell, in June of the same year : Morris dancing still went on in the countryside and the dancers came to the towns once a year: A letter from a reader to the editor of The Every-Day Book (1838): |
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1829 Duchess of St Albans wedding anniversary garden fete: |
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1844 Whitesunale at Woodstock Banbury Guardian - Thursday 29 May 1884
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1845 Northampton Mercury - Saturday 11 January 1845 |
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Weekly Chronicle (London) - |
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1846 newspaper report “The Whitsuntide Festivities” |
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1847 Lytell Geste of Robin Hode, Gutch," 1847, note, p. 365. in Rush Bearing, Alfred Burton, 1891 |
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In 1853 the order at the front of the procession was: |
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1851 WOOTTON, William ('Old Piper') 1768 - 1851 "An inquest was held on the 14th inst., at the Locomotive Inn, in this place, by R. Weston, Esq., Coroner, on view of the body of William Wootton, mason, aged 81 years. The deceased was well known in the neighbouring villages, as the "Old Piper." It appears he retired to bed at 7 o'clock in the evening as usual, and about 6 o'clock next morning he spoke to a boy, who left his room about that time, and at half past 8 was found dead in his bed. Verdict - "Visitation of God." |
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Mid 19th century - John Potter of Sutton, Oxfordshire At Ilmington, Warwickshire, for most of the nineteenth century the local morris was danced to a pipe and tabor: three generations of the same family, from the founder George Arthur (1769-1836) from Snowshill, Warwickshire, through his son Tom (1802-1890), a mason and grandson James (1828-1906), a carpenter.
The pipe and taborer Nelson, got so drunk once that he had to be tied upright to a tree so he could continue playing. He performed with several sides in north Oxfordshire. Good musicians were much in demand and sometimes played on a strictly commercial basis for a sum of money agreed before-hand. 1860's the quoted fees for a pair of pipe and tabor players at Finstock were 5s. and 7s. per day |
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Sharp MSS, Folk Dance Notes, vol. 2, ff. 42-43 James Simpson, alias McDonald, aka 'Jim the Laddie', of Sherborne, Gloucestershire James Simpson was widely known by the nickname 'Jim the Laddie,' which is easily explained once his Scottish origin is considered. At what age he learned to play the three-holed pipe and tabor drum is unrecorded, but his reputation as a player was widespread across an extensive area of east Gloucestershire and west Oxfordshire. He accompanied the Sherborne Morris set, but in addition probably also went out with the side from Northleach (Glos), and possibly that based at Great Rissington (Glos). ... |
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1856 poem 'The Death of the Old Year': Maidstone Journal and Kentish Advertiser - Tuesday 30 December 1856 |
for more on Jesters and the coxcomb hood and asses ears see here | |||||||||||||||
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1863 play “ But this is a day of enjoyment; away with business, and let the time be spent in pleasure. [Pipe and tabor without.] LADY AUDLEY'S SECRET first produced at the Royal Victoria Theatre, London, 25 May 1863 |
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"Finstock Morris danced to tunes played by Stephen Dore and Thomas Langford on the Pipe and Tabor and that they were in demand with other sides including Ascott-underWychwood in 1864 and even played for Bampton." |
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1882, 13 May "the minstrelsy of tuneful tabor, pipe, and horn the motley morrice dancers merrily mingling the throng! " |
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1884 An exhibition of antique artefacts was shown at the Newbury Art and Industrial Exhibition: Newbury Weekly News and General Advertiser - Thursday 25 September 1884 |
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1886 ‘Revival of the Morris Dance at Bidford’. The
“first performance for many years, in this district, of the ancient Morris Dance.”![]() |
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1886 Bidford Shakesperian Morris Dancers Bristol Times and Mirror - Wednesday 03 March 1886 |
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1886 Bidford Morris Men contributed towards a “Carefully arranged and extremely picturesque May Revels” performed at the Agricultural Halls in Islington, London. ![]() Morning Post - Monday 10 May 1886 |
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1886 A talk and demonstration of morris dance was given by Mr D’arcy Ferris in Cheltenham Assembly Room with a 100 year-old tabor. He also showed an old pipe which was unserviceable. Cheltenham Examiner - Wednesday 10 March 1886 |
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1886
Talk and demonstration at the Victoria Rooms, Clifton Western Daily Press - Monday 08 March 1886 |
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1886 ‘The May Queen at Islington, London’ Morning Post - Monday 10 May 1886 |
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1886 Ilmington morris Oxfordshire Weekly News - Wednesday 09 June 1886 |
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1886 Ilmington morris newspaper advertisement: |
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1886 Rose Show at Malvern: Worcestershire Chronicle - Saturday 03 July 1886 |
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1887 ‘The Flute – Interesting Lecture at Alderley Edge’ Alderley & Wilmslow Advertiser - Friday 28 October 1887 |
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1888 ‘The King’s Head, Walworth Road’, Lambeth, London South London Chronicle - Saturday 16 June 1888 |
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1888 Christmas Entertainment at Olympia: Daily News (London) - Monday 24 December 1888 |
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1890 May Revel,extracts from letter to the editor: Gloucestershire Echo - Friday 02 May 1890 |
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1890 Bridport News - Friday 23 May 1890 |
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| 1891 -
as reported in the Monmouthshire Beacon - Saturday 09 May 1891. As part of the May Day Revels the procession included 'Taborer Mr J Cumbley' followed by named morris dancers. |
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1892 "In every parish they raised a May-pole hung with garlands and ribbons;.... And there was morris-dancing, with Robin Hood, Friar Tuck, Little John, Tom the Piper, and Tom the Fool, with hobby-horses, pipe and tabor, mummers and devils, and I know not what;" London by Walter Besant |
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| 1894 during the Festival of Village Choirs at Eaton Hall ‘The Merry Men of Sherwood Forest’ a pastoral operetta was performed, with words and music by W H Birch. The cast performed a ‘lively morris dance to the pipe and tabor’ Crewe Chronicle - Saturday 31 March 1894 |
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1897 Arthur Sullivan's ballet ‘Victoria & Merrie England’ : "Morrice Dancers and 6 lady morris dancers arrive and perform to a very attractive jaunty 6/8 theme in which The Era again
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1898 ‘The Corporation Concerts at Wister Gardens by the Royal Marines Band. Leslie Stuart's march ‘The Dandy Fifth’ Cheltenham Examiner - Wednesday 12 October 1898 |
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1899 In a newspaper review entitled
‘Exhibition of morris dancing – an interesting revival’ at the Corn Exchange in Oxford,
Oxford Journal - Saturday 18 March 1899 |
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| By1900 the practice of Morris dancing in a traditional context was almost defunct in the south Midlands region of England, after more than three centuries during which it had been a widespread element in working class cultural activity | ||||||||||||||||
for other types of dance see : |
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